Using An Electric Motor Fan Engineering Essay

victimization An electric Motor devotee Engineering EssayThe bulwark quantify for taste 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 figure and was 93.23 , 101.01 and 100.90 respectively. The effect of potential difference enlarge on temperature was recoded and how major cause is lost as heart was understood. How galvanical genuine aim charismatic t heat uper was observed by victimisation compasses and explained. An experiment was also carried extinct and explained in to how electro drawized field is utilize to control galvanical ropes involving much(prenominal) than unmatch adapted forget me drug in a pass along race. The change of electrical verve to mechanically skillful was also investigated by using an electric labor-fan.Back worldpatronage the famous experiment Benjamin Franklin, he did not invented electrical energy. Electricity exists naturally. It has unceasingly been around. A undecomposed example of electric flow that occurs naturally is lightening. cheer is a flow o f electrons between the ground and clouds. When clouds rub against each(prenominal) anformer(a)(prenominal) or other objects they become charged. When the authorisation difference between the clouds and ground reaches a certain level a flow of electrons balances the charge, this exhibits a rack of light or lightening1.Electrical systems and comp acents posterior be classified into several(prenominal) capabilities and hired for many different applications. Electrical comp iodinents and systems can be utilise to heat, source, sense, drive, let on, indicate, to transmit and receive data2.Electrical equipment such as light bulbs, batteries and electric generators are not needed for electric city to exist, although designed to use and harness electric city. If potential difference or voltage is hold across a conductor an electric flow occurs, solve1. The trues magnitude dep overthrows on the voltage. The Ohms law states that the menstruation through a conductor between the cardinal points is directly relative to the potential difference across the both points. thereof if the potential difference applied across a conductor is changed the certain go away also change. If a thingmabob follows the Ohms law the graph voltage vs current should have a square line3.By rearranging the equality 1, voltage can be calculated in addition the resistance of substantive can simply calculated by dividing the voltage to the current implement equation 1.VR=V/I bod1. An electric potential across a conductor3Equation 13The two types of racing circuits are serial publication and fit. Total resistance in series circuit can be determined by adding the individual electric resistances resistance. To find the resistance of two or more resistors connected in analogue, the sum of the inverse individual resistance is utilise2, Equation2.Equation 24In electrical circuit some power is lost as heat. Resistance and heat loss is directly proportional for a given volts. T herefore if the volt is increased the resistance will increase, this will hence egress in a great trade in of heat being lost3.When there is a need to control more than oneness circuit, a relay is utilise. relay is a switch operated by electric. The mechanical movement of a relay is often controlled by charismatic force. The flow of current through the relay squiggle generates a magnetic field and changes the switch by inveigleing a lever. pass along aid one circuit to switch to another circuit and operate completely erupt from the initial circuit5.Relay coilNOCOMNCFigure 2. Relay contact5 blusherCOM= Common, always connect to this, it is the moving part of the switch.NC= Normally Closed, COM is connected to this when the relay coil isoffNO= Normally Open, COM is connected to this when the relay coil isonIf an electrical current flows through a equip, a magnetic field is created due to the moving charges. Figure 3 demonstrates the magnetic field in a straight conductor. The magnetic field for a straight conductor circles around the conductor. As illustrated from figure 4, a wire is gyrate up to make a solenoid. The flow of the current determines the magnetic field path. Each loop experiences its own magnetic field and the make out magnetic field is the sum of individual loop. In addition the magnitude of the total magnetic field of a solenoid is directly proportional to the number of coils a coiled wire has7. magnetised Field Around a cable VRML ModelFigure 3. Magnetic fields in Straight conductor7Magnetic Field of a Solenoid VRML ModelFigure 4. Magnetic fields in solenoid7Electric motor is one of the very useful appliances use electric power to turn in to mechanical energy. To understand how an electric motor work simply imagine a nail wrapped with a wire and connected to a battery Figure 5. If the battery is connected to the wire, the nail would eventually become a magnet and have a south and North Pole.If the nail is suspended in the middle of a horseshoe magnet as in figure 5, the north end of the nail would be repelled away from the horseshoes north end and attract to the south end of the horseshoe. By doing this the nail would half turn and stop at the original place. To maintain a full turn the electromagnetic field of the nail should be flipped at a very little moment. This is done simply by changing the direction of the electrons flow6.http//static.ddmcdn.com/gif/motor-nail-in-horseshoe.gifFigure 5. Electro magnet in a horseshoe magnet6ExperimentalExperiment 1.1 Electrical circuitAs illustrated in figure 6, a series circuit was get along up and one resistor was used across the circuit. Multi-meters were used to read the voltage across the resistor and current. Five different voltages in the double of 2 to 12 volts were applied and the current was magnetic disced for each for each volts.PowerR1VAFigure 6. Series one resistor circuit2Experiment 1.2Similar procedure was used to record the voltage and current fo r the second experiment, this time though two resistors were used.VPowerR1R2AFigure 7. Series two resistor circuit2Experiment 1.3In the tertiary experiment two resistors was set up in a parallel circuit. Similar order to experiment one and two was used to record the voltage and current.PowerAR1R2VFigure 8. dickens resistors in parallel2Experiment 2 Temperature vs. voltageIn the fourth experiment investigates the kind between voltage and temperature across a resistor. Similar circuit to experiment was, but this time one of the multi-meter was used set to record temperature. A thermocouple as shown in figure 9 was used to detect the temperature change and this was fed to the multi-meter8.http//images.picotech.com/se001-thermocouple.jpgFigure 9. Thermocouple8Experiment 3 RelayFigure 10 shows the mechanism of the relay. A switch was used to control the relay by switching between the two circuits.Figure 10. Diagram for club of experiment with relay and LEDs2Experiment 4 Electric mot or FanAn electric motor was used and given a power of 12 volt. Electric current was controlled by a switch and the fan go around as due to the magnetic field generated by the electric.Experiment 5 MagnetismIn these experiment two methods was used to test electro magnetic attraction of electric of the flow of current.A wire used to flow electricity and magnetic compass was placed around the wire.In the second method a coiled wire was used and compasses was placed in the at heart and outside of the coiled.Results put over 1. Experiment one and twoSingle resistor circuitTwo resistor in seriesTwo resistors in parallelVAmpsTemperature C0VAmpsVAmps20.01982420.009920.039640.03902540.019840.079360.09902660.029760.118980.07922880.039680.1587100.099030100.0495100.1981Note The pry of current highlighted for champion resistor at 6 volts is an anomaly.Figure 11. Current vs VoltageTable 2. Resistance calculationTotal resistance/Power in vSeries circuitParallel Circuit with 2 resistors1 res istors2 Resistors2101.01202.0250.504102.56202.0250.44660.60202.0250.468101.01202.0250.4010101.01202.0250.47Average93.23202.0250.45 at a lower place is resistance calculation narratedOne resister series circuit =Two resisters Series circuit =Two resistors Parallel CircuitUsing equation 2, R = (Assuming R1 = R2)50.45 = R1 R1 +R2 = 100.90 Experiment 2 Temperature vs. voltageThe graph shows a ordained correlation between voltage and temperature increase.Figure 12. Voltage vs TemperatureExperiment 3 RelayWhen the switch was cancelled on LED one turned on and when the switch turned of LED one light gone out and LED two turned on.Experiment 4 Electric motor FanThe electric motor-fun started to spin only when the electric current started to flow. This was controlled by a switch for convenience.Experiment 5 MagnetismThe results of electro magnetism were observed in experiment 5. When a iodine wire was used the compass needles aligned themselves towards the direction of the current flow. In the coiled wire when the compass was placed inside the coiled wire the compass pointed towards the direction of the electric flow. When the compasses was placed outside the solenoid the compasses experiences a great deal of excursus in comparison with the champion wired cable.DiscussionExperiment 1.1 1.3 circuitFigure 11 demonstrates an increase in voltage resulted on an increase in current. For the circuits with two resistors in parallel and series the graph was masking a positive correlation between the voltage increase and current increase. For the series circuit with one resister there was an anomaly when the voltage was set to 6 volts. The increase in current at 6 volts was too high, and this resulted on the graph being nonlinear. To make assumptions that the circuit obeys ohmic law the graph should be linear. Possible source of computer errorsHuman error (error when recording figures) defective multi-meter being usedFaulty resistors or Faulty power supply readingExper iment 2 Temperature vs voltageAs illustrated in figure 12, as the voltage increase the temperature across the resistor also increased. The temperature was directly proportional to the voltage increase. Temperature increase was steady for any additional volts applied for up to 6 volts. Temperature increase was doubled then doubled when 8 volts was applied. Some of the factors that can affect the amount of heat loss in a circuit areType of literal used for wiring or resistor (some material are good conductors and some are very good insulator)Wire diameter (the downcaster the diameter the harder for the electrons to move through)Length of wiringTemperature of the material/conductor (lower temperature result in lower resistance and indeed lower heat loss)3The dandy increase in temperature was due to possible errorsFaulty thermocouple release a particular voltage slightly longer than the another internal respiration near the thermocouple (increase in the overall temperature)Experime nt 3 RelayFigure 10 demonstrates the relay experiment. Since the relay mechanism was very small to be observed by the naked eyes LED was used to indicate if the electrical flow was switching in between the two circuits every time the switch was hit. TQ team7 States that the total magnetic field in a loop is the sum of its individual loop. Since moving charged particles generate electromagnetic field many charged particles generate a higher(prenominal) magnetic field. Therefore higher resistance in the wire coiling of a relay could cause the relay not being able to attracting a lever. Higher resistance in relays could be caused by rust or using materials with low conductivity.Experiment 4 Electric motor-fanThe power used in the Electric motor-fan was DC current. The current in DC always goes through one direction. The electric-fan began rotating when the current starts to flow. The current flow was switched over, as the polarity of the volt switched over, it was expected the motor st art running the black eye direction instead the motor was stopped. The fan was possibly fitted with a device that only allows a one direction flow of current9. A crystal rectifier was one of the possibilities that the electric motor-fan was fitted by. A crystal rectifier is a two utmost device, with features of some systematic transfer of electric city character. A diode have a zero resistance to electric flow in one direction and high resistance (100%) resistance in the other direction, therefore electrical current flow only in one direction.Experiment 5 MagnetismAs demonstrated from figure 3 and 4 electric current produces magnetic field. The compass used for the single wire deflected and seen aligning itself with the direction of the electric current. By observing the bend of the compass needle, the North and South Pole of the magnetic field was deducted10.decisivenessThe goal of the experiment was to understand the role of electricity in new(a) technology. Resistance in se ries and parallel circuits were tried, electromagnetism and its applications explained. The experiments deduction narrated beneathWith the exception of one anomaly result the circuits in experiment one obeys Ohmic law, therefore a linear graphs.In series circuit the resistance value doubled when another resistor was added. As it can be observed from table 2 resistance values for the parallel with two resistors was almost half the value for the series circuit with one resistor. Parallel circuit resistance was very small when compared with the resistance value in the series circuit with the same number of resistors. The value for the resistors calculated as 93.23 , 101.01 and 100.90 respectively.In experiment two, power dissipation promotes temperature increase .Relay experiment demonstrates the control of more than one circuit by using magnetic field of electric current.Charged moving particles produce a magnetic fieldElectric motor-fan converts electrical power in to mechanical by the help on a magnet inside the motor.Compasses used to observe the direction of an electric current. The grater the loop the grater the deflection the compass experience. Figure 3 and 4 demonstrates the magnetic field in a single wire and solenoid.